M Mediation is a form of dispute resolution conducted through negotiation with the assistance of a neutral and impartial mediator, offering an efficient and low-cost process as an alternative to conventional litigation. in indonesia, mediation is regulated by law no. 30 of 1999 and supreme court regulation (perma) no. 1 of 2016, while in south korea, it is governed by the civil conciliation act and the civil procedure act. this study addresses two main issues: the similarities and differences in the regulation of mediation between indonesia and south korea, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of each country\\\'s mediation framework. using a normative juridical method with a comparative legal approach and descriptive-analytical character, the research reveals that both countries recognize mediation as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism. however, a key difference lies in the fact that south korea does not require mediation as a mandatory preliminary step in civil cases, whereas in indonesia, it is compulsory prior to the main court hearing. indonesia’s mediation system has the advantages of a strong legal foundation, low cost, and expedited procedures, but it also faces challenges such as low effectiveness, underdeveloped compromise culture within society, and institutional limitations. conversely, south korea’s mediation system is considered more effective due to the presence of well-qualified mediators, a high level of legal awareness among its citizens, and a robust and flexible institutional framework. nonetheless, indonesia still struggles with institutional aspects that hinder the optimal implementation of mediation.