T The official enactment of law number 1 of 2023 concerning the criminal code (national criminal code) marks a new milestone, shifting the paradigm of criminal law from retributive or retribution to corrective, rehabilitative and restorative justice. one of the most progressive innovations in this legal reform is the repositioning of sanctions through the introduction of community service as a new primary punisment to minimize the negative impact of the stigmatization of short-term imprisonment while also addressing the phenomenon of overcrowding in correctional institutions. the research problem formulation in this study focuses on the regulations and criteria for imposing community service as a primary punisment in the national criminal code, as well as how the regulations and mechanisms for implementing community service compare with dutch criminal law. the research method used is a normative legal research method with a legislative and comparative research approach, as well as primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. the research concluded that there is a philosophical consensus in the form of a maximum limit of 240 hours of community service between the two countries, however, indonesia still faces challenges in the institutional maturity of correctional institution supervisors and lacks a definitive mathematical formula for converting automatic substitute sentences, similar to the reclassification system in the netherlands. therefore, accelerated formulation of derivative regulations in the form of comprehensive goverment regulations in needed.